Articolo in rivista, 2022, ENG, 10.3390/antiox11101863

Effect of Unloaded and Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Tissue Transglutaminase Isoforms Expression Levels in an Experimental Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Agatina Campisi; Giovanni Sposito; Rosalia Pellitteri; Debora Santonocito; Julia Bisicchia; Giuseppina Raciti; Cristina Russo; Pamela Nardiello; Rosario Pignatello; Fiorella Casamenti; Carmelo Puglia

Department of Drug Sciences and Health, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy CERNUT-Research Centre for Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, 95126 Catania, Italy NANOMED-Research Center on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease representing the most prevalent cause of dementia. It is also related to the aberrant amyloid-beta (A) protein deposition in the brain. Since oxidative stress is involved in AD, there is a possible role of antioxidants present in the effected person's diet. Thus, we assessed the effect of the systemic administration of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to facilitate curcumin (CUR) delivery on TG2 isoform expression levels in Wild Type (WT) and in TgCRND8 (Tg) mice. An experimental model of AD, which expresses two mutated human amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes, was used. Behavioral studies were also performed to evaluate the improvement of cognitive performance and memory function induced by all treatments. The expression levels of Bcl-2, Cyclin-D1, and caspase-3 cleavage were evaluated as well. In this research, for the first time, we demonstrated that the systemic administration of SLNs-CUR, both in WT and in Tg mice, allows one to differently modulate TG2 isoforms, which act either on apoptotic pathway activation or on the ability of the protein to repair cellular damage in the brains of Tg mice. In this study, we also suggest that SLNs-CUR could be an innovative tool for the treatment of AD.

Antioxidants 11 (10), pp. 1863–?

Keywords

antioxidants; curcumin; tissue transglutaminase; solid lipid nanoparticles; TgCRND8 mice; neuroprotection

CNR authors

Pellitteri Rosalia Maria Cristina

CNR institutes

IRIB – Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica