Articolo in rivista, 2022, ENG, 10.1088/1741-4326/ac8a04

Evidence for high-velocity solid dust generation induced by runaway electron impact in FTU

De Angeli M.; Tolias P.; Ratynskaia S.; Ripamonti D.; Vignitchouk L.; Causa F.; Daminelli G.; Esposito B.; Fortuna-Zalesna E.; Ghezzi F.; Laguardia L.; Maddaluno G.; Riva G.; Zielinski W.

CNR ISTP - Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Milan, Italy; Space and Plasma Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; CNR ICMATE - Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Energy Technologies, Milan, Italy; ENEA, C.R. Frascati (Roma), Italy; Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.

Post-mortem and in situ evidence is presented in favor of the generation of high-velocity solid dust during the explosion-like interaction of runaway electrons with metallic plasma-facing components in FTU. The freshly-produced solid dust is the source of secondary de-localized wall damage through high-velocity impacts that lead to the formation of craters, which have been reproduced in dedicated light gas gun impact tests. This novel mechanism, of potential importance for ITER and DEMO, is further supported by surface analysis, multiple theoretical arguments and dust dynamics modeling.

Nuclear fusion (Online) 63 , pp. 014001-1–014001-7

Keywords

runaway electron damage, dust generation, dust impact, crater formation, hypervelocity regime

CNR authors

De Angeli Marco, Daminelli Giambattista, Ghezzi Francesco Mauro, Ripamonti Dario, Laguardia Laura, Causa Federica, Riva Giulio

CNR institutes

ICMATE – Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, ISTP – Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi