Articolo in rivista, 2023, ENG, 10.1116/6.0002396

Development of the electron cyclotron resonance heating system for Divertor Tokamak Test

Garavaglia S.; Balbinot L.; Bruschi A.; Busi D.; Bussolan A.; Fanale F.; Granucci G.; Moro A.; Platania P.; Rispoli N.; Romano A.; Sartori E.; Schmuck S.; Simonetto A.; Vassallo E.

CNR ISTP - Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Milano, Italy; Consorzio RFX (CNR, ENEA, INFN, Università di Padova, Acciaierie Venete SpA), Padova, Italy; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy; ENEA, Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department, C. R. Frascati, Italy; DTT S.c. a r. l., C.R. Frascati, Italy.

The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility, whose construction has started in Frascati (Italy), will be equipped with an ECRH (electron cyclotron resonance heating) system including 32 gyrotrons as microwave power sources. The procurement of the first batch of sources with 16 MW total power, based on 170 GHz/>= 1 MW/100 s vacuum tubes, is in progress and will be available for the first DTT plasma. The system is organized into four clusters of 8 gyrotrons each. The power is transmitted from the Gyrotron Hall to the Torus Hall Building (THB) by a quasioptical transmission line (TL), mainly composed of large mirrors shared by eight beams coming from eight different gyrotrons and designed for up to 1.5 MW power per single beam, similar to the TL installed at the stellarator W7-X. One of novelties introduced in the DTT system is that the mirrors of the TLs are embodied in a vacuum enclosure, using large metal seals, mainly to avoid air absorption and risk of arcs. The main reason is to reduce the risk of air breakdown, maintaining a pressure of 10-5 mbar far away from the Paschen minimum. The TL estimated volume is between ~70 and ~85 m 3. The direct connection of the TL to the tokamak vacuum vessel has been evaluated, and different solutions have been proposed in order to prevent a possible impact on DTT operations. The microwave power is injected into the tokamak using independent single-beam front-steering launchers, real-time controlled and located in the equatorial and upper ports of four DTT sectors. In-vessel piezoelectric walking drives are the most promising candidates for the launcher mirror movement considering their compactness and capability to operate in an environment with strong magnetic field under ultra-high vacuum. The DTT ECRH system design, presented here, is based mainly on existing and assessed solutions, although the challenging adaptations to the DTT case are considered.

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 41 (4), pp. 044201-1–044201-9

Keywords

electron cyclotron resonance heating system, Divertor Tokamak Test, DTT

CNR authors

Fanale Francesco, Schmuck Stefan, Bussolan Andrea, Vassallo Espedito, Granucci Gustavo, Rispoli Natale, Platania Paola, Garavaglia Saul Francesco, Moro Alessandro Andrea, Simonetto Alessandro, Bruschi Alessandro

CNR institutes

ISTP – Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi

ID: 482030

Year: 2023

Type: Articolo in rivista

Creation: 2023-05-29 09:25:35.000

Last update: 2023-07-03 11:48:33.000

External IDs

CNR OAI-PMH: oai:it.cnr:prodotti:482030

DOI: 10.1116/6.0002396

Scopus: 2-s2.0-85160841700

ISI Web of Science (WOS): 000993980000001