CNR ExploRA

Articolo in rivista, 2023, ENG, 10.1002/jqs.3583

The recent evolution of the salt marsh 'Pantano Grande' (NE Sicily, Italy): interplay between natural and human activity over the last 3700 years;

Palli Jordan, Monaco Lorenzo, Bini Monica, Cosma Emanuela, Giaccio Biagio, Izdebski Adam, Masi Alessia, Mensing Scott, Piovesan Gianluca, Rossi Veronica, Sadori Laura, Wagner Bernd, Zanchetta Giovanni

1 Univ Pisa, Dept Earth Sci, Via S Maria 53, I-56126 Pisa, Italy 2 Univ Tuscia, Dept Ecol & Biol Sci DEB, Largo Univ Snc, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy 3 CNR, Ist Sci Marine ISMAR, Sez Secondaria Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy 4 CNR, Ist Geol Ambientale & Geoingn IGAG, Sede Secondaria Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy 5 Univ Pisa, CIRSEC Ctr Climat Change Impact, Dipartimento Sci Agr Alimentari & Agroambientali, Via Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy 6 Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci BiGeA, Piazza Porta San Donato 1, I-40126 Bologna, Italy 7 CNR, Ist Geol Ambientale & Geoingn, 00015 Monterotondo, I-00185 Rome, Italy 8 Max Planck Inst Geoanthropol, Kahla Str 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany 9 Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Environm Biol, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy 10 Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA 11 Univ Cologne, Inst Geol & Mineral, Zulpicher Str 49a, D-50674 Cologne, Germany

Combined natural processes and human activities shaped the late Holocene landscape history in many Mediterranean regions. This is especially true with areas subjected to specific human interest, such as coastal areas morphologically suitable to the establishment of harbours. Here, we test the hypothesis on the location of the Roman harbour Portus Trajectus in Peloro Cape (NE Sicily, Italy) and describe the evolution of the area over the last 3700 years through lithostratigraphic, geochemical, meiofauna and microfossil analyses performed on a new sediment core recovered from the coastal salt marsh Pantano Grande (aka Lago di Ganzirri). The age-depth model was developed on radiocarbon dates and geochemical fingerprinting of two tephra layers. Results indicate that the area underwent dramatic changes ca. 650 bce. The anthropogenic impact of Greek colonies may have contributed to modifying the coastal environment of Peloro Cape due to their widespread impact on natural resources. This happened at many localities in the Mediterranean, indicating the magnitude of impact of the Greek colonies over the landscape. According to our results, it is unlikely that the current Pantano Grande basin was used as a harbour in Roman times, although the presence of a harbour in the nearby Pantano Piccolo marsh cannot be excluded. Pantano Grande had been isolated from the sea for more than 2000 years. Human intervention in the 19th century halted that isolation and provided the background for the ecological, economic and social functions the salt marsh performs today.

Journal of quaternary science (Online)