La Direttiva europea sulla promozione dell'uso di energia da fonti rinnovabili stabilisce la possibilità di creare "Comunità per l'energia rinnovabile" (CER) per la produzione e il consumo di energia da fonti rinnovabili, stimolando la transizione da un sistema energetico centralizzato a uno decentralizzato. Mettendo i cittadini al centro della transizione energetica, le CER rappresentano un modello di comunità socio-economica virtuosa in cui i cittadini, le imprese e le amministrazioni diventano prosumers, integrati attivamente in un processo partecipativo e democratico per sostenere la transizione energetica. Considerando sia la complessità e la varietà dei fattori che influenzano l'evoluzione di questo fenomeno, sia l'implicazione multidimensionale di questo nuovo modello socio-economico, questo studio si propone di fornire i Key Performance Indicators (KPI) che influenzano le comunità energetiche dei cittadini e di stabilire una metodologia per quantificare o qualificare questi impatti. In questo studio sono stati identificati 26 KPI, suddivisi in tre dimensioni: ambientale, economica e sociale. I KPI proposti sono stati applicati a due casi di studio italiani, selezionati come esempi "privilegiati" di CER, consentendo un confronto a livello multidimensionale. I risultati confermano che le CER rappresentano un modello in grado di generare molteplici benefici e, per questo motivo, la loro valutazione diventa un passo necessario per monitorare i progressi (in itinere) e i risultati (ex post). Questo aspetto rende i KPI particolarmente utili non solo come strumento di valutazione ex post, ma anche come metodo di supporto al processo decisionale. Le ricerche future potrebbero testare più casi di studio e verificare la variazione dei risultati ottenuti in relazione ai diversi contesti considerati.

In the context of anthropogenic impacts on pollution and global warming scenarios, reject from the construction sector accounts for 36% of European waste. This waste percentage includes disused and abandoned buildings that have lost the value of their function over time. In order to reduce the ecological footprint they generate, the paper rethinks Recovery in its circular meaning to put these buildings back into a normal circuit of usability, improving the creation of resilient urban habitats. In particular, decommissioned ecclesiastical buildings constitute a huge quantity and significant quality heritage, as by cultural, perceptive, morphological and material values. The sustainable reuse of this heritage must act on its double impacting value: the tangible one linked to the material culture of the buildings and the intangible one, linked to the identity values of sediment instances. Through a comparison desk research of more than 140 cases of reuse on a European scale, the contribution arrives at a system of indicators that allow evaluating the reuse sustainable compatibility of these buildings, able to promote prosperity, inclusiveness and social equity. These indicators make it possible to assess the appropriateness of design actions aimed at mediating between the conservation of the built heritage and the transformative needs of contemporary instances. The results provide scenarios tool of sustainable recovery, capable of transforming waste into a resource, extending the life cycle of the ecclesiastical heritage and thus mitigating its environmental impact, as well as the cost related to the loss of cultural values and identity for the community.

The European Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, establishes the possibility of creating 'Renewable Energy Communities (REC)' for the production and consumption of energy from renewable sources, stimulating the transition from a centralized to a decentralized energy system. By putting citizens at the center of the energy transition, REC represent a virtuous socio-economic community model in which citizens, businesses and administrations become 'prosumers', actively integrated in a participatory and democratic process to support the energy transition. Considering both the complexity and the variety of factors that influence the evolution of this phenomenon and also the multidimensional implication of this new socio-economic model, this study aims to provide the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that influence citizens' energy communities and to establish a methodology to quantify or qualify these impacts. In this study, 26 KPIs were identified and divided into three dimensions: environmental, economic and social. The proposed KPIs were applied on two Italian case studies, selected as 'pioneers' examples of REC, allowing their comparison at multidimensional level. The findings confirm that REC represent a model able to generate multiple benefits and, for this reason, their evaluation become a necessary step in monitoring progress (in itinere) and results (ex post). This aspect makes KPIs particularly useful not only as an ex post evaluation tool but also as a method to support decision-making. Future research could test more case studies and verify the variation of the results obtained in relation to the different contexts considered.

The research is based on the analysis of recent experiences of participative processes in the reuse and maintenance of contexts considered as "urban waste", focusing their role in smart sustainable development processes. The recognition of discarded urban spaces/buildings as regeneration opportunities opens up new perspectives on the communities' commitments and responsibilities, in new governance models. These experiences, better known as "commons", highlight the active role of communities in establishing new unconventional forms of value creation and production based on circular processes and interdependences between city and communities. Circularization and synergies are the fundamental precondition for smart sustainable development. Assuming the Historic Urban Landscape approach as general framework, the phenomenon of commons represents an opportunity to make it operational through an integrated methodology based on the recovery of the environment built according to an inclusive and hybrid approach, configured by culture and shared with local communities. In this perspective, this contribution proposes an evaluation framework not only to monitor the results and impacts produced by these experiences, but also to ensure stimulate and improve awareness, self-learning and self-evaluation processes of the actors involved in regeneration processes toward a smart sustainable development.

Relying on the hybrid organization literature and the circular economy literature, our study aims at theorizing how hybrid organizations adopt circular economy business models to contribute to sustainable development. Through six in-depth interviews with social entrepreneurs located in different regions of Italy and operating in different industries, we theorize that four aspects are unique to hybrid organizing that adopt a circular economy business model. We find that hybrid organizations foster sustainable development thanks to their ability to develop and maintain relationships with the surrounding organizational realities. Additionally, we find that hybrid organizations contribute to sustainable development thanks to their motivation to guard and watch over the natural environment and human beings. In addition, we find that hybrid organizations foster sustainability by educating, spreading knowledge, and ennobling the human spirit. We therefore present a conceptual model that shows how hybrid organizations that adopt circular economy models contribute to sustainable development. In sum, our findings expand on previous literature, add new knowledge, and integrate fields of research that usually develop in silos.

In a word that is increasingly facing issues related to climate change, environmental degradation, economic crisis and social inequalities, rethinking the urban development models is becoming an "imperative". Furthermore, the COVID-19 is accelerating this necessity. In fact, the health emergency has affected almost all sectors, determining radical change in economic and social systems. Tourism and culture are among those most affected and therefore they require strategies to support their recovery and to strengthen their resilience for the future. The closure of cultural venues has highlighted the importance of finding alternative ways to join cultural heritage and to allow it continuing to develop its productive potential. In this context, the importance of the opportunities offered by digital technologies for conservation, valorization and enjoyment of cultural heritage has emerged. This study proposes the circular city as a new urban development model to achieve a more sustainable future, focusing in particular on cultural heritage as an entry point to implement this model. Furthermore, the role of technology is investigated as "enabler" of inclusive and sustainable culture-based development processes for supporting the implementation of the circular city model.

Many cities globally are incorporating the circular economy model into their development strategies to start transitioning as "circular cities" towards the implementation of human-centred development. In many of them, one of the major challenges is represented by the large presence of cultural heritage being in a state of degradation, abandonment and underutilization, which determines waste conditions not only at physical/spatial level but also at economic level (the presence of subsistence economies) and at a social and cultural level (marginalization phenomena and high rates of unemployment). The perspective of circular economy allows rethinking these waste conditions as an opportunity to reactivate virtuous circuits capable of promoting sustainable development focused on human needs. In this perspective, the paper aims to demonstrate both the importance of participatory approaches in guiding circular and human-centred regeneration processes and of identifying evaluation tools capable of integrating the human and ecological dimension with the economic one. With this aim, a circular methodology is proposed and experimented with in Ercolano (Italy) and in the Bronx (New York), in which the adoption of a participatory approach was central in all phases of regeneration processes, from the identification and analysis of vulnerabilities and waste conditions to the definition of a strategy capable of transforming these limitations into opportunities. A first result is the elaboration of a framework of "Human-Centred Indicators" to monitor and support the adoption of the circular economy strategy toward implementing the "human-centred city".

The deliverable D6.12, "Report on Start-up Competition", falls within the project work package dedicated to Dissemination, Exploitation and Communication (WP6) and, precisely, within the Task 6.4, "Start-up creative and innovative initiatives competition" (M23 - M42). It provides exhaustive information on the CLIC international Startup Competition, which represented one of the project milestones. In times when cities and communities are facing a growing number of interconnected challenges at the environmental, social and economic level, global in scope and unprecedented in scale, with a dramatic impact on our lives, supporting on the ground innovative businesses working on ideas with high potential and vocation to a fairer, more prosperous and resilient society is more important than ever, particularly in the post-pandemic world. In this framework, the CLIC Startup Competition was designed to enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the heritage sector, offering valuable opportunities and capacity building for startups, in Europe and beyond it, recognizing the enormous potential of cultural heritage to shape a better future for all, generating new jobs in diverse economic sectors, creating vibrant spaces of relationship and innovation and increasing the wellbeing of citizen, also through a more equitable development. The competition was meant to give entrepreneurs and innovators a real-world experience to fine tune their business plans and elevator pitches to generate funding for successful commercialization of their innovative services and products. The final event represented a unique opportunity to receive mentoring from experienced entrepreneurs, business coaches, investors; meet potential investors and receive individual feedbacks in separate sessions. The CLIC Startup Competition resulted in 73 participants, 25 best startups accepted for the online voting phase, 15 finalists and 6 winners in three main categories: Circular Tourism, Circular and creative cities and regions, Circular creative industries and social innovation. About 40 supporting Partners including Research Institutes and Universities, investors, twin projects, incubators and cultural foundations decided to support the CLIC Startup Competition as result of the intensive networking activities carried out by all the CLIC Partners. The 6 winners accessed the mentoring provided by CLIC and additional 5 special prizes were assigned to particularly relevant startups.

Cultural heritage is recognized as a key element for local sustainable development, contributing to the identity of territories and cultural diversity of local communities. The concept of "heritage community", as expressed by the Faro Convention, can be enhanced in decision-making processes for the adaptive reuse and valorization of cultural heritage to build shared and sustainable development scenarios. Communities represent fundamental actors able to drive active reflection and implement the exercise of civic responsibility and (inter)cultural policies. This paper explores how local communities can have an active and effective role in the adaptive reuse and valorization of cultural heritage, through a field experimentation conducted within the Horizon 2020 project "CLIC--Circular models Leveraging Investments in Cultural heritage adaptive reuse" in the area of Rufoli, Salerno (Italy), in the perspective of the circular economy/circular city model. Starting from heritage mapping and key stakeholder's engagement, a local working group was built, and processes of knowledge building, envisioning, and community engagement were activated. The results showed that building a heritage community can be an effective starting point for "circular" adaptive reuse of cultural heritage, stimulating not only its recovery but also community bonds, civic responsibility, and potential entrepreneurial activities for longer-term sustainable development.

Cultural heritage (CH) is considered a key element of cities and regions' identity and uniqueness, contributing to peoples' wellbeing and health, as well as jobs creation, environmental regeneration and place attractiveness. The adaptive reuse of abandoned and underused CH can be a sustainable strategy for heritage conservation, stimulating local development processes. However, heritage conservation needs large investments, while the resources available are scarce, and investment projects are subject to high uncertainties. Therefore, a careful assessment of impacts is needed to orient and direct CH adaptive reuse projects towards sustainability. Recent studies approach the adaptive reuse of abandoned buildings and sites as an effective circular economy strategy, potentially contributing to climate objectives through environmental regeneration and the reduction of natural resources consumption. However, evaluation tools to assess the impacts and orient adaptive reused interventions in the perspective of circularity are lacking. Through the analysis of 76 literature sources on CH impacts, this article explores how indicators are currently used in CH research and practice as impact assessment tools. More than 3500 indicators were retrieved and classified. Finally, this article proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework to assess the impacts of cultural heritage adaptive reuse in the perspective of the circular economy. The results showed that, while some indicators are available, many circularity aspects are not considered in the current studies on CH impacts.

The Deliverable D6.10, Project Newsletter #2, falls within the project work package focused on Dissemination, exploitation and communication (WP6) and, precisely, within the Task 6.3 Implementation of communication and dissemination activities envisaged. In compliance with Article 38.1 of Grant Agreement, project newsletter has been conceived as a key dissemination tool to provide targeted information to multiple audiences (including the media and the public) in a strategic and effective manner. The purpose of the newsletter is to keep the diverse audiences informed on the project activities and progresses, sharing the knowledge produced by the CLIC Consortium emphasizing how the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage from the circular economy perspective is able to generate significant impacts on citizens' everyday life, in terms of health, wellbeing, social cohesion and inclusion, and new jobs creation. Furthermore, reaching the general public, by spreading information about the project not only at the scientific and policy level but also at the practical one, is also essential to engage citizens in the co-creation of inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11), to stimulate more sustainable and responsible consumption and production patterns (SDG 12), and to highlight the key role of EU-funded R&I actions, projects and initiatives in contributing to solving fundamental societal challenges. As specified in the Deliverable D6.1, Communication, Dissemination and Exploitation Plan and annual update, the second issue of the Project Newsletter is expected to: o raise awareness about the project; o inform target groups about both scientific and substantive progress of the project; o invite target groups and interested public to all project events; o facilitate all partners of the project to foster new partnerships at the EU level for the implementation of the circular city / region, creating synergies with other EU-funded projects and global institutions dealing with the adaptive reuse, enhancement and management of cultural and natural heritage.

Il tema del riuso del patrimonio culturale religioso dismesso è da anni al centro dell'attenzione nel dibattito nazionale ed internazionale. La vastità e l'importanza di tale patrimonio, elemento connotante del paesaggio e della vita delle comunità nate attorno ad esso, evidenzia con estrema urgenza la questione aperta sul suo futuro e quindi sull'individuazione di strategie coerenti con il complesso di valori di cui è portatore. Il diverso approccio adottato in casi di riuso già realizzati ha mostrato punti di forza e fragilità dei processi implementati e ha richiamato l'attenzione sulla necessità di individuare dei criteri-guida condivisi per l'elaborazione di una metodologia esportabile ma anche adattabile ai diversi contesti. La summer school "Nuovi scenari per patrimoni monastici dismessi. Casi lucchesi tra memorie monastiche ed eredità pucciniana" ha rappresentato un'occasione di proficuo dibattito interdisciplinare per approfondire il tema del riuso del patrimonio culturale religioso da una prospettiva sia teorico-conoscitiva che pratico-operativa. Partendo dallo studio di alcune buone pratiche (si veda l'appendice), la sperimentazione sul caso studio dell'ex Monastero di Sant'Agostino a Vicopelago (Lucca) ha portato all'elaborazione di diverse proposte progettuali che sono state presentate agli stakeholder locali, come primo esito degli studi condotti e come primo step del processo di riconversione della struttura.

Following the pandemic caused by COVID-19, the crisis has mainly affected the most vulnerable communities. It is therefore necessary to understand what the most urgent actions are to be taken at local level to respond adequately to this phenomenon. In this context, has become clear the fragility of large urban centers compared to the greater resilience of small communities in smaller centers. In particular, this virus has highlighted that the resilience of these territories is not only linked to the health conditions of the people (who in normal conditions are statistically better than the inhabitants of the metropolis), but it is also the result of interconnected factors concerning economic, environmental, social and cultural aspects. On the basis of these considerations, the project MedWays Cilento was born with the aim of giving an interdisciplinary and concrete answer to these great questions, taking as a model one of the territories that has assumed the values of integrity and authenticity as foundation of its lifestyle. This is an experimental project based on culture as a fundamental element on which to invest in order to develop a sustainable human development strategy for the preservation and the regeneration of Cilento's cultural, environmental and social capital, also activating processes of economic growth.

La tesi che si propone in questo Documento, frutto della riflessione del Laboratorio MEIC di Napoli nel corso del 2019/2020 è che il modello di economia circolare trova le sue origini nei principi della Scuola Economica Francescana e successivamente nella Scuola napoletana di Antonio Genovesi dell'Economia Civile. Cooperazione, reciprocità, fiducia sono le pre-condizioni dello sviluppo economico che già la Scuola francescana e quella napoletana avevano con estrema chiarezza identificato ("la fiducia lega, unisce, crea legame nella società: è ciò che è la forza di coesione e di reciproca attrazione nei corpi naturali... senza la quale non si può avere nessuna massa ferma e durevole, ma tutto diventa polvere e sabbia che si discioglie al primo urto" - (cap X, Lezioni di Economia Civile). Questa nuova/vecchia economia è dunque in grado di promuovere uno sviluppo "human-centred", cioè uno sviluppo umano integrale e sostenibile (come recita la Laudato Si'), caratterizzato non solo dalla competizione ma anche dalla partecipazione, relazionalità, inclusione, reciprocità, simbiosi, comunità.

The urban regeneration of historic centres is an extremely topical issue in the contemporary debate and is an essential prerequisite for the pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals. Adaptive reuse of the abandoned heritage represents an effective strategy to give new life to abandoned or underused portions of territory, hosting functions more suited to the needs of the contemporary city and its characterizing phenomena. This work is the result of an experimentation that has as object of investigation the historic centre of Naples where, according to some recent data, there has been a significant increase in Bed and Breakfasts, some often as result of cultural heritage reuse processes. After having spatially represented the market values of residential buildings through the elaboration of a Geographic Information System, it was possible to verify the existence of a relation between the dynamics of the real estate and the rise of new accommodation facilities, often located in historic buildings subjected to adaptive reuse processes.

The research develops in the context of recent experiences of active citizenship and of the transformative processes carried out for the regeneration of urban spaces, recognized as "common goods". The contribution proposes a methodo-logical approach for the elaboration of an inclusive reuse strategy, able to incor-porate the needs of the actors involved in the transformation processes of the con-texts. The principle of circular economy is at the basis of the approach, making it possible to create physical, economic, social and cultural resources for the crea-tion of virtuous dynamics. The experimentation analyzes the case study of Er-colano with the aim of activating a process of social innovation with which to in-volve the various actors in all phases of the design process.

HIPs #2 meeting was focused on the identified 'meso-area' of the historic centre of Salerno, co-developing first ideas to structure the Local Action Plan. Specific objectives of HIPs #2 meeting are: · to engage local stakeholders to co-develop first Objectives and Actions of the Local Action Plan towards a "circular city" of Salerno through the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage; · to start co-developing a set of possible innovative uses/functions for 4 selected cultural heritage properties: Palazzo San Massimo (part of 'Edifici Mondo'); Chiesa dei Morticelli; Convento di San Michele. · linking identified uses/functions to possible revenue streams and to the general Objectives and Needs of the city/area, identifying 'territorial synergies' between functions. · to map stakeholders' needs, potential connections and relationships in relation to the development of possible public-private-social partnerships for cultural heritage adaptive reuse in Salerno; · to build the baseline scenario to 'map' the 'density of relationships' between stakeholders in Salerno, in order to assess the changes (impacts) of HIPs meeting at the end of the CLIC project (linking with WP2 social and cultural impacts analysis) - a social network questionnaire prepared by Uniwarsaw will be administered during the HIPs #2 meeting and made available also online for stakeholder who were not able to participate in the meeting in person.

The adaptive reuse of abandoned cultural heritage assets can be seen as a regenerative process, which turns "wastescapes" into new attractive places. Processes of urban transformation implemented by citizens can be considered as cultural practices in which individuals are producers, and not only consumers, of cultural meanings. The renewed relationship between people and places through coordinated collective action becomes particularly relevant in the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage. This paper aims to investigate how "circular governance" can be interpreted and implemented in cities that aim to regenerate abandoned cultural heritage and landscape as key resources of a circular "human-centred" development. Through case studies examples, the role of citizens-led initiatives in cultural heritage adaptive reuse is explored to identify common elements useful to draft a definition of circular governance and provide guidelines for policy makers.

Il libro tratta della rigenerazione circolare human-centred di Matera. La bellezza è la caratteristica generale del paesaggio storico di Matera, interpretato come un sistema dinamico complesso che comprende la città antica, la nuova città e il territorio. Intorno alla bellezza (forse anche "dolente") si articolano i diversi contributi del volume. Come conservarla facendola diventare motore di nuovo sviluppo? La tesi generale è che tale rigenerazione va inquadrata nella prospettiva dell'"economia circolare" che è un'economia in cui tutti i valori economici co-esistono e co-evolvono con i valori ecologici e con quelli sociali/umani. Nella rigenerazione human-centred le persone e la cultura sono al centro della rigenerazione circolare della città, Capitale Europea della Cultura nel 2019. La cultura plasma il modo in cui la gente vive, lavora, produce, consuma, trasforma, si relaziona con gli altri e con la natura determinando scelte e comportamenti. È la lente attraverso la quale trasformare ogni sito, anche quelli abbandonati e in degrado, in un sistema vivente. Il punto di partenza della suddetta strategia di rigenerazione è l'identificazione del "valore intrinseco" del sistema urbano materano. Esso va inteso come il significato essenziale, il valore intangibile che rappresenta il fondamento di altri valori, che ha plasmato la struttura organizzativa costruita nel corso di molti secoli. Oggi, questo "valore intrinseco" può offrire una direzione coerente ed efficace per lo sviluppo circolare human-centred del sistema materano, facendo così di Matera un caso esemplare con riferimento al paradigma dell'economia circolare.

Il contributo propone un excursus storico che individua i tratti comuni tra il modello economico sviluppato dalla scuola francescana nel 1300, l'economia civile di Antonio Genovesi nel 1700 e l'attuale modello di economia circolare. Una letteratura molto ricca - anche recente e di respiro internazionale (si veda il recente documento della Commissione Europea "La città centrata sull'uomo") (Commissione Europea, 2019, 2020) - evidenzia che l'Umanesimo rappresenta una prospettiva che, evocando la nozione di "umanità", fa riferimento a una serie di valori: libertà di scelta, responsabilità, razionalità ma anche cura nella solidarietà, creatività, dignità della persona. Ci sono molti punti in comune tra il modello di economia circolare e la nozione di economia civile. L'economia circolare è l'economia che riconosce la centralità di tutte le forme di capitale, da quello naturale a quello umano, che non deve essere sprecata, ma deve essere valorizzata in modo adeguato. Una forma di capitale tanto rilevante quanto il capitale umano è il capitale sociale, che attiva forme di cooperazione reciproca. Inoltre, l'economia circolare sottolinea l'importanza dell'uso (cioè dei valori d'uso) rispetto alla proprietà dei beni (e quindi al loro valore di scambio). Sono elementi comuni all'economia civile che i vari autori, da Genovesi a Galliani e a Filangieri, hanno più volte sottolineato nelle loro ricerche. Ebbene, questi valori danno forma non solo all'economia della città ma anche all'idea stessa di organizzazione della città: danno l'immagine della "città dell'Umanesimo civile", finalizzata al raggiungimento del bene di tutti, del bene comune. La città del nuovo umanesimo è prima di tutto la città incubatrice di sinergie/simbiosi. Come in natura si verifica che i sistemi che funzionano meglio sono quelli autopoietici, cioè hanno la capacità di auto-organizzazione e autogestione, così anche le città che meglio realizzano i valori umanistici sono quelle organizzate in modo da imitare gli ecosistemi naturali. Esse sono caratterizzate dal paradigma della circolarizzazione che diventa quindi il paradigma organizzativo della città del "nuovo umanesimo" (Fusco Girard, 2013).