RESULTS FROM 1 TO 20 OF 180

2024, Articolo in rivista, ENG

First national inventory of high-elevation mass movements in the Italian Alps

Nigrelli G., Paranunzio R., Turconi L., Luino F., Mortara G., Guerini M., Giardino M., Chiarle M.

Climate change in the European Alps, in particular in the high-elevation environments, is causing an increase in mass movements and hazards. To learn more about relationships between mass movements and climate drivers, the location of the starting zone and date of the instability events need to be known. Nevertheless, not all existing inventories of mass movements are suitable for the purpose. For these reasons, we have implemented a specific inventory of mass movements which occurred in the Italian sector of the Alps at an elevation >1500 m. Currently, the inventory contains information relating to 772 mass movements. The most frequent types of processes documented are rockfall and debris/mud flows, with 279 and 191 cases respectively. The highest number of events occurred in 2022 (71 events), and an evident trend towards an increase over the years and during summer was found. This inventory is an excellent support tool for many activities that take place in and for the mountains, its consultation, both online and offline, makes the inventory suitable for use with different types of devices and can be used not only as a consultation tool on mass movements occurred in the past, but also to insert new events. This use can be particularly suitable for monitoring activities, managed by civil protection structures, municipalities, natural parks, environmental agencies, researchers, freelancers and so on.

Computers & geosciences

DOI: 10.1016/j.cageo.2024.105520

2023, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Anthropic Constraint Dynamics in European Western Mediterranean Floodplains Related to Floods Events

Laura Turconi 1,* , Barbara Bono 1 , Francesco Faccini 1,2,* and Fabio Luino1

Numerous riverbeds and floodplains in the Western Mediterranean Area (WMA) have been affected by anthropogenic modifications during the last centuries. In recent decades, an increase in floods in the coastal WMA has been observed. Variations in the rainfall regime and anthropisation have influenced the relevant geomorphological processes. The coastal floodplains analysed include those in Italy, France, and Spain. Geomorphological and land use changes that occurred in the last two centuries were examined using historical and recent maps, historical data, and European big data since the 1800s for 65 basins, for which over 670 flood events and more than 1300 victims were identified. Anthropogenic activities have changed the patterns of floodplains. In most cases, narrowing of the riverbeds, especially in the lower river sections, has been observed. The riverbeds have also changed from braided- to single-channel morphologies. GIS analysis shows reductions in the coastal watercourse widths ranging from 10% to 95%, with an average of 55%. Other changes are related to the deviation in the watercourses, with trends that did not respect the natural river flow. In some cases, the watercourses were covered and have vanished from recent maps. This aspect has reduced or eliminated the perception of the risk not only for the residents but also for land planners.

Remote sensing (Basel) 15

DOI: 10.3390/rs15194798

2023, Contributo in atti di convegno, ENG

Characterization of a debris flow event using an affordable monitoring system

Matteo Berti1*, Andreas Schimmel2, Velio Coviello3, Mario Venturelli1, Luca Albertelli4, Luca Beretta5, Francesco Brardinoni1, Massimo Ceriani5, Marco Pilotti6, Roberto Ranzi6, Marco Redaelli5, Riccardo Scotti7, Alessandro Simoni1, Laura Turconi8 and Fabio Luino8

This study presents monitoring data of a debris flow event in the Central Italian Alps. The debris flow occurred on August 16, 2021 in the Blè basin (Val Camonica valley, Lombardia Region) and was recorded by a monitoring station installed just few weeks before. The monitoring system was deployed to document the hydrologic response of the catchment to rainfall, and was designed to be lightweight, relatively cheap, and easy to deploy in the field. To this purpose, we combined video cameras with geophysical sensors (geophones and infrasound) and optimized the power supply system. The data recorded during the event allowed to identify the triggering rainfall, document the flow behaviour, and estimate surface flow velocity and flow rate using Particle Image Velocimetry algorithms. Moreover, the seismic signal generated by the debris flow revealed a peculiar frequency spectrum compared to regular streamflow. These results show that even a relatively simple monitoring system may provide valuable data on real debris flow events.

E3S Web of Conf. Volume 415, 2023 8th International Conference on Debris Flow Hazard Mitigation (DFHM8), Turin, Italy, 26/06/2023, 29/06/2023

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202341503004

2023, Editoriale in rivista, ENG

Historical Data for Natural Hazard Risk Mitigation and Land Use Planning

Luino F.; Barriendos M.; Gizzi F.T.; Glaser R.; Gruetzner C.; Palmieri W.; Porfido S.; Sangster H.; Turconi L.

Land (Basel) 12 (9)

DOI: 10.3390/land12091777

2023, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Integrated Approach for the Study of Urban Expansion and River Floods Aimed at Hydrogeomorphic Risk Reduction

Andrea Mandarino; Francesco Faccini; Fabio Luino; Barbara Bono; Laura Turconi

Urbanization in flood-prone areas is a critical issue worldwide. The historical floods, the urban expansion in terms of building footprint, the extent and construction period of inundated buildings with reference to two representative floods (5-6 November 1994 and 24-25 November 2016), and the ground effects and dynamics of these events were investigated in the cities of Garessio, Ceva, and Clavesana, along the Tanaro River (NW Italy). An integrated approach based on historical data analysis, photograph interpretation, field surveys, and GIS investigations was adopted, and novel metrics for quantitative analysis of urbanization and flood exposure at the individual-building scale were introduced. The considered cities were hit by damaging floods several times over the last centuries and experienced an increase in built-up surface after the mid-19th century, especially between the 1930s and 1994. The 1994 and 2016 high-magnitude floods highlighted that urban expansion largely occurred in flood-prone areas, and anthropogenic structures conditioned flood propagation. One of the rare Italian cases of the relocation of elements exposed to floods is documented. This research aims to emphasize the relevance of information on past floods and urbanization processes for land planning and land management and the need for land use planning for flood control to forbid new urban expansion in potentially floodable areas. The outcomes represent an essential knowledge base to define effective and sustainable management measures to mitigate hydrogeomorphic risk.

Remote sensing (Basel) 15 (17)

DOI: 10.3390/rs15174158

2023, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Historical Memory as an Effective and Useful Tool for Proper Land Use Planning: Lessons Learnt from Some Italian Cases

Luino F.; Gizzi F.T.; Palmieri W.; Porfido S.; Turconi L.

Many Italian cities and towns have been affected by geological or geohydrological processes. However, due to the loss of historical memory, lessons of the past have been ignored; new urbanized areas have expanded into the same zones where damage and casualties occurred in the past. Despite current practices, researchers are showing how historical data can be among the most valid tools for identifying the most affected and hazardous areas. When the completeness and quality of historical sources are sufficiently high, we can make useful statistical inferences regarding the spatiotemporal variations of natural processes. This information is of great importance for land use planning, as it makes us able to rely not only on the current state of the investigated areas but also on their dynamic evolutionary framework over time. In this article, we present a chronological review of past Italian works describing the occurrence of natural extreme events making use of historical data. Then, we present some Italian case studies in which the awareness of hazards gained by paying attention to past information would have ensured better management of the risk for the benefit of public safety. Finally, the authors stress the need to safeguard, manage, and enhance the large collection of historical data that constitutes Italy's heritage.

Land (Basel) 12 (9)

DOI: 10.3390/land12091751

2022, Contributo in atti di convegno, ENG

The MOVIDA Project to Support the Update of Flood Risk Maps in the Po River District: methodology for flood damage assessment

Ballio, F., Armaroli, C., Arosio, M., Arrighi, C., Borgogno-Mondino, E., Carisi, F., Castelli, F., Ciavola, P., De Biaggi, S., Di Pietro, G., Domeneghetti, A., Duo, E., Farina, G., Gallazzi, A., Ghilardi, F., Giusti, R., Hammouti, M., Luino, F., Martina, M.L.V., Molinari, D., Monteleone, B., Petruccelli, N., Pilotti, M., Scorzini, A.R., Simonelli, T., Sterlacchini, S., Turconi, L., Vasini, C., Zazzeri, M., Zoppi, L

Effective planning of flood risk mitigation strategies requires to assess costs and benefits of alternatives of intervention, in terms of required investments and impacts avoided. For this reason, the European Commission asks Member States to develop and periodically update flood hazard and risk maps, to be used at the basis of Flood Risk Management Plans. Flood damage assessment and mapping is a critical step in such a process, due to the lack of consolidated practice both in the literature and the technical domains; this results in the present availability of mostly qualitative damage maps, with limited usability for flood risk management. By allowing scientists and practitioners working together, the MOVIDA project developed a newly procedure, embracing state of art damage models and knowledge on damage mechanisms, for an analytical assessment and mapping of flood damage in the Italian territory, with specific reference to the Po River District (North of Italy). The procedure was specifically conceived to support cos-benefits or multi-criteria analyses of flood risk mitigation measures, focusing on all categories of exposed assets and suppling, when achievable, a monetary evaluation of flood damage. The procedure was successfully implemented in the areas of potentially significant flood risk (APSFRs) in the district; results represent a significant improvement with respect to presently available damage maps, both in terms of assets considered and information supplied.

39th IAHR World Congress, Granada, 19-24 June 2022

DOI: 10.3850/IAHR-39WC2521716X20221136

2022, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Increasing geohydrological instability in a valley of the Italian Central Alps: a study in the Anthropocene

Turconi, Laura; Casazza, Marco; Bono, Barbara; Luino, Fabio

Riverbed deepening, waterway shortening, and forced narrowing are among the most relevant consequences of the anthropic disturbance of alpine rivers over the last few centuries. A map was generated through a detailed study of the Adda Valley, a famous valley in the Central Alps, northern Italy. This study was conducted to evaluate the anthropization status, geomorphological patterns (in terms of altimetric and planimetric riverbed variation), evolutionary trends, and flood hazards of the river over the last 150 years. The map presents the expansion of urban and industrial areas that occurred before and after one of the most devastating floods in Adda Valley. Supporting both the identification of potentially vulnerable areas and the possible effects of damaging floods, the map provides information for improved evaluation of the vulnerability of bottom valley areas after anthropogenic modification and for identifying the damaging effects of past flood events, which could recur.

Journal of maps 19 (1)

DOI: 10.1080/17445647.2022.2145917

2022, Articolo in rivista, CPE

The Role of Soil Type in Triggering Shallow Landslides in the Alps (Lombardy, Northern Italy)

Luino, Fabio; De Graff, Jerome; Biddoccu, Marcella; Faccini, Francesco; Freppaz, Michele; Roccati, Anna; Ungaro, Fabrizio; D'Amico, Michele; Turconi, Laura

Shallow landslides due to the soil saturation induced by intense rainfall events are very common in northern Italy, particularly in the Alps and Prealps. They are usually triggered during heavy rainstorms, causing severe damage to property, and sometimes causing casualties. A historical study and analysis of shallow landslides and mud-debris flows triggered by rainfall events in Lombardy was carried out for the period of 1911-2010, over an area of 14,019 km(2). In this study, intensity-duration rainfall thresholds have been defined using the frequentist approach, considering some pedological characteristics available in regional soil-related databases, such as the soil region, the textural class, and the dominant soil typological units (STU). The soil-based empirical rainfall thresholds obtained considering the soil regions of the study area were significantly different, with a lower threshold for landslide occurrence in the soil region M1 (Alps), where soils developed over siliceous parent material, with respect to the whole study area and the soil region M2 (Prealps), where soils developed over calcareous bedrocks. Furthermore, by considering textural classes, the curves were differentiated, with coarse-textured soils found more likely to triggerlandslides than fine soils. Finally, considering both texture and main soil groups, given the same rainfall duration, the rainfall amount and intensity needed to initiate a landslide increased in the following order: "coarse-skeletal" Cambisols < Umbrisols < Podzols < "fine" Cambisols. The results of this study highlighted the relevant role of pedological conditioning factors in differentiating the activation of rainfall-induced shallow landslides in a definite region. The information on soils can be used to define more precise rainfall-pedological thresholds than empirical thresholds based solely on meteorological conditions, even when they are locally defined. This knowledge is crucial for forecasting and preventing geohydrological processes and in developing better warning strategies to mitigate risks and to reduce socio-economic damage.

Land (Basel) 11 (8)

DOI: 10.3390/land11081125

2022, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Terraced Landscapes as NBSs for Geo-Hydrological Hazard Mitigation: Towards a Methodology for Debris and Soil Volume Estimations through a LiDAR Survey

Paliaga G.; Luino F.; Turconi L.; Profeta M.; Vojinovic Z.; Cucchiaro S.; Faccini F.

Terraced landscapes are widely applied in many mountainous regions around the world as a result of the necessity to practice subsistence agriculture. Hence, they can be regarded as one of the most diffused anthropogenic modifications of the Earth's surface. Different techniques have been used for their implementation leading to the artificial immobilization of debris and soil along the slopes whose surface is interrupted by a sequence of sub-horizontal and sub-vertical areas often using stone walls. In some areas of the world, such interventions are thousands of years old and their resistance to the degradation caused by the morphogenetic system can be attributed to the permeability of the stone walls as well as to their regular maintenance. In some other areas, the lack of maintenance has been the main cause for degradation processes ending with their collapse. The effects of climate change manifested through higher intensities and higher frequencies of rainfall are likely to accelerate the degradation process further by causing terraces to act as a source of debris or hyperconcentrated flow. This will in turn increase the severity of geo-hydrological hazards. The measures concerning reduction of geo-hydrological hazards are sought through identification of abandoned terraces and assessment of the potential for their sudden collapse. The present paper describes a framework for identification of abandoned terraces and estimation of the potential volume of shallow landslides that can be generated. The research conducted aims to advance the existing hazard assessment practices by combining numerical modeling with processing of high-resolution LiDAR data. A new algorithm is developed to support localization of terraces. The catchment scale approach applied to eight smaller catchments enables estimation of the total volume of soil and debris trapped along the slopes. It also generated some important quantitative data which will be used in the future risk assessment work. The work has been carried out within the EU-funded H2020 project RECONECT.

Remote sensing (Basel) 14

DOI: 10.3390/rs14153586

2022, Contributo in volume, ENG

The 1915 Mud-Debris Flow at San Fruttuoso Di Camogli: Modeling the Collapse Effects in the Portofino Pilot Area of the H2020 Reconect Project

Guido Paliaga, Steven N. Ward, Fabio Luino, Laura Turconi, Francesco Faccini

In mountainous areas during intese rain events shallow landslides are often triggered adding their effect and enhancing the damaging consequences of flash flood. Many coastal area of the Mediterranean are exposed to such events, as recently largely happened in Italy, France, Spain and Greek. Large portions of the coastline mountainous territories have been settled and modified since ancient times with agricultural terraces, in order to practice the subsitence cultivation. This kind of anthropogenic modification of the slopes may be considered as an artificial immobilization of debris cover along steep slopes and, particularly after their abandonment, they can turn into sources of shallow landslides. Then terraces from belonging to soil and water conservation measures may represent a source of hazard if not properly mainteined. Considering the intense rain event that hit the Portofino promontory in 1915 causing strong damage to the Medieval monk Abbey in the iconic small San Fruttuoso village in northern Italy, a numerical modeling has been applied basing on historical testifying and the available evidences. A possible terraced area has been highlighted as a source area for the debris/mud flow that hit the Abbey and the model has been applied to assess its effect. This reconstruction allows to test the modeling technique in order to furtherly assess possible risk scenario even in other areas and in the framework of the H2020 RECONECT project, where recovering ancient terraces is considered in the framework of the Nature Based Solutions to riduce geo-hydrological risk.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1600-7_36

2022, Articolo in rivista, ENG

The Role of Soil Type in Triggering Shallow Landslides in the Alps (Lombardy, Northern Italy)

Luino F.; De Graff J.; Biddoccu M.; Faccini F.; Freppaz M.; Roccati A.; Ungaro F.; D'Amico M.; Turconi L.

Shallow landslides due to the soil saturation induced by intense rainfall events are very common in northern Italy, particularly in the Alps and Prealps. They are usually triggered during heavy rainstorms, causing severe damage to property, and sometimes causing casualties. A historical study and analysis of shallow landslides and mud-debris flows triggered by rainfall events in Lombardy was carried out for the period of 1911-2010, over an area of 14,019 km2. In this study, intensity-duration rainfall thresholds have been defined using the frequentist approach, considering some pedological characteristics available in regional soil-related databases, such as the soil region, the textural class, and the dominant soil typological units (STU). The soil-based empirical rainfall thresholds obtained considering the soil regions of the study area were significantly different, with a lower threshold for landslide occurrence in the soil region M1 (Alps), where soils developed over siliceous parent material, with respect to the whole study area and the soil region M2 (Prealps), where soils developed over calcareous bedrocks. Furthermore, by considering textural classes, the curves were differentiated, with coarse-textured soils found more likely to triggerlandslides than fine soils. Finally, considering both texture and main soil groups, given the same rainfall duration, the rainfall amount and intensity needed to initiate a landslide increased in the following order: "coarse-skeletal" Cambisols < Umbrisols < Podzols < "fine" Cambisols. The results of this study highlighted the relevant role of pedological conditioning factors in differentiating the activation of rainfall-induced shallow landslides in a definite region. The information on soils can be used to define more precise rainfall-pedological thresholds than empirical thresholds based solely on meteorological conditions, even when they are locally defined. This knowledge is crucial for forecasting and preventing geo-hydrological processes and in developing better warning strategies to mitigate risks and to reduce socio-economic damage

Land (Basel)

2022, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Torrential Hazard Prevention in Alpine Small Basin through Historical, Empirical and Geomorphological Cross Analysis in NW Italy

Turconi L.; Tropeano D.; Savio G.; Bono B.; De S.K.; Frasca M.; Luino F.

Debris flow is one of the most dangerous natural processes in mountain regions and it occur in a wide variety of environments throughout the world. In the Italian Alps, some tens of thousands of damaging debris flow and, in general, torrential floods associated to intense sediment transport in secondary catchments have been documented in the last 300 years. These have caused socio-economic damage, damage to anthropogenic structures or infrastructures and in many cases casualties. Often, in the same basins, the occurrence of debris-flow processes recurs many years later. Prediction can often be spatial and based on the magnitude of the largest known process, while the temporal forecast is the most uncertain. It is also possible to increase the resilience of the population and of the territory. The present study aims at investigating different levels of debris-flow hazard in urban areas on Alpine alluvial fans and proposes a strategy for debris-flow prevention based on historical research and on a simplified analytical approach, methods that also involve relatively low costs. For such analysis, Ischiator stream catchment (ca. 20 km ) and its alluvial fan (NW Italy) were selected. This area was partly affected by historical torrential flood associated to intense sediment transport and debris-flow processes. Present-day instability conditions along the slope and the stream network were detected and synthesized through surveys and aerial photo interpretation integrated by satellite images (period 1954-2021). An estimation of the potential amount of moving detritus, referred to as debris flow, was carried out regarding the June 1957 debris-flow event, based on the predictive models. The individual hazard index value was estimated based on different methods. The results indicate that 56% of the area is exposed to flood associated to intense sediment transport hazard, which fluctuates from high to very high levels; such results are supported by debris-flow historical records. Since today almost half of the settlement (Bagni di Vinadio) is located on potentially risk-exposed areas, the urban evolution policy adopted after the 1957 event failed to manage the risk connection to debris-flow activity.

Land (Basel) 11

DOI: 10.3390/land11050699

2021, Contributo in volume, ITA

L'evento alluvionale del 2-3 ottobre 2020 in Piemonte

Fabio Luino; Laura Turconi; Chiara Silvestro; Domenico Tropeano; Bartolomeo Vigna

Un intenso evento pluviometrico, legato alla tempesta atlantica "Alex", giunto dal Mar Ligure e diretto verso Nord, si è manifestato a partire dalla mattinata del 2 ottobre 2020, per poi proseguire con inaudita violenza nel pomeriggio e nella notte (soprattutto nel Nord Piemonte) fra venerdì e sabato 3 ottobre 2020. Gli effetti sono stati gravi particolarmente nelle zone abitate prossime agli alvei. L'evento del 2-3 ottobre 2020 ha provocato ingenti danni e vittime. colpito il settore meridionale della Francia, con interruzione di importanti vie internazionali di comunicazione

2021, Banca dati, ENG

Slope failures at high elevation in the Italian Alps in the period 2000-2020

Guerini, Michele1; Giardino, Marco1; Paranunzio, Roberta2; Nigrelli, Guido2; Turconi, Laura2; Luino, Fabio2; Chiarle, Marta2

This dataset implements and updates with 106 new records the one published by Paranunzio et al. 2019 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.903761). The two datasets have the same survey methodology, making the new dataset homogeneous with the previous one. All together, we collected and validated a dataset of 392 slope instability events documented from 2000 to 2020, at high elevation (above 1500 m a.s.l.) in the Italian Alps. The dataset includes landslides, blockfalls, rockfalls, soil slips, rock avalanches and complex landslides. It was realized in the framework of a study aimed to assess the susceptibility to failure of slopes with specific geomorphological characteristics and the role of climatic elements in the preparation and/or triggering of slope instability. At present, this is the most comprehensive dataset on slope failures occurred at high elevation in the Italian Alps in the last two decades. This work is intended as a contribution to the creation of an alpine/global dataset of slope failures at high elevation, useful for studying the impacts of climate change on fragile mountain environments.

2021, Curatela di monografia/trattato scientifico, ENG

Special Issue "Historical Data for Natural Hazard Risk Mitigation and Land Use Planning"

Fabio Luino, Mariano Barriendos Vallvé, Emmanuel Garnier, Fabrizio Terenzio Gizzi, Ruediger Glaser Christoph Gruetzner Walter Palmieri Sabina Porfido Heather Sangster, Laura Turconi

Globally, natural hazards present a serious and critical threat to life, as a result of both endogenous and exogenous processes. Natural hazards (geological, geomorphological, hydrological and meteorological) quickly present a risk to individuals, communities and societies when they are threatened with disruption or losses, with the impact being a function of their ability to cope and respond. Historical research is a key tool in determining the appropriate strategies for the identification of risk scenarios. Many parts of the world suffer from a dearth of instrumental information and data, as such qualitative accounts and records provide a crucial source of information in understanding the risks presented. The significance of long records is particularly pertinent when considering extremes, and such knowledge is crucial in better understanding the risks presented and in undertaking targeted mitigation strategies to reduce the socio-economic consequences and physical impact on private properties, strategic buildings, infrastructures and cultural heritage. This Special Issue aims to stress the importance of historical information and data as a strategic tool in framing planning decisions. Objective one is to demonstrate the significance of historical information in better understanding the risks presented by natural hazards (geological, geomorphological, hydrological and meteorological). Objective two is to stimulate a discussion between the international scientific community, technicians, policymakers and urban planners about the use of historical data and land use, planning and zonation. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following themes: 1) Use of historical information in hazard and risk analysis; 2) Use of historical sources to assess and mitigate natural hazard risks to cultural heritage; 3) Land use planning and geo-risk assessment using historical data; 4) Analysis of the spatial-temporal distribution of extreme events; 5) Methodologies for data collection and management from documentary sources; 6) Geomorphological hazard and risk studies by historical sources; 7) Historical climatology and reconstruction of extreme weather events; 8) The analysis of natural hazards in data-poor regions.

2021, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Learning case study of a shallow-water model to assess an early-warning system for fast alpine muddy-debris-flow

Pasculli A.; Cinosi J.; Turconi L.; Sciarra N.

The current climate change could lead to an intensification of extreme weather events, such as sudden floods and fast flowing debris flows. Accordingly, the availability of an early- warning device system, based on hydrological data and on both accurate and very fast running mathematical-numerical models, would be not only desirable, but also necessary in areas of particular hazard. To this purpose, the 2D Riemann-Godunov shallow-water approach, solved in parallel on a Graphical-Processing-Unit (GPU) (able to drastically reduce calculation time) and implemented with the RiverFlow2D code (version 2017), was selected as a possible tool to be applied within the Alpine contexts. Moreover, it was also necessary to identify a prototype of an actual rainfall monitoring network and an actual debris-flow event, beside the acquisition of an accurate numerical description of the topography. The Marderellos basin (Alps, Turin, Italy), described by a 5 x 5 m Digital Terrain Model (DTM), equipped with five rain-gauges and one hydrometer and the muddy debris flow event that was monitored on 22 July 2016, were identified as a typical test case, well representative of mountain contexts and the phenomena under study. Several parametric analyses, also including selected infiltration modelling, were carried out in order to individuate the best numerical values fitting the measured data. Different rheological options, such as Coulomb-Turbulent-Yield and others, were tested. Moreover, some useful general suggestions, regarding the improvement of the adopted mathematical modelling, were acquired. The rapidity of the computational time due to the application of the GPU and the comparison between experimental data and numerical results, regarding both the arrival time and the height of the debris wave, clearly show that the selected approaches and methodology can be considered suitable and accurate tools to be included in an early-warning system, based at least on simple acoustic and/or light alarms that can allow rapid evacuation, for fast flowing debris flows.

Water (Basel) 13

DOI: 10.3390/w13060750

2021, Articolo in rivista, ENG

Flash flood events along the west mediterranean coasts: Inundations of urbanized areas conditioned by anthropic impacts

Faccini F.; Luino F.; Paliaga G.; Roccati A.; Turconi L.

Flash floods represent one of the natural hazards that causes the greatest number of victims in the Mediterranean area. These processes occur by short and intense rainfall affecting limited areas of a few square kilometers, with rapid hydrological responses. Among the causes of the flood frequency increase in the last decades are the effects of the urban expansion in areas of fluvial pertinence and climatic change, namely the interaction between anthropogenic landforms and hydro-geomorphological dynamics. In this paper the authors show a comparison between flood events with very similar weather-hydrological characteristics and the ground effects occurred in coastal areas of three regions located at the top of a triangle in the Ligurian Sea, namely Liguria, Tuscany and Sardinia. With respect to the meteorological-hydrological hazard, it should be noted that the events analyzed occurred during autumn, in the conditions of a storm system triggered by cyclogenesis on the Genoa Gulf or by the extra-tropical cyclone Cleopatra. The "flash floods" damage recorded in the inhabited areas is due to the vulnerability of the elements at risk in the fluvio-coastal plains examined. There are numerous anthropogenic forcings that have influenced the hydro-geomorphological dynamics and that have led to an increase in risk conditions.

Land (Basel) 10

DOI: 10.3390/land10060620

2021, Banca dati, ENG

Slope failures at high elevation in the Italian Alps in the period 2000-2020

Michele Guerini Marco Giardino Roberta Paranunzio Guido Nigrelli Laura Turconi Fabio Luino Marta Chiarle

This dataset implements and updates with 106 new records the one published by Paranunzio et al. 2019 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.903761). The two datasets have the same survey methodology, making the new dataset homogeneous with the previous one. All together, we collected and validated a dataset of 392 slope instability events documented from 2000 to 2020, at high elevation (above 1500 m a.s.l.) in the Italian Alps. The dataset includes landslides, blockfalls, rockfalls, soil slips, rock avalanches and complex landslides. It was realized in the framework of a study aimed to assess the susceptibility to failure of slopes with specific geomorphological characteristics and the role of climatic elements in the preparation and/or triggering of slope instability. At present, this is the most comprehensive dataset on slope failures occurred at high elevation in the Italian Alps in the last two decades. This work is intended as a contribution to the creation of an alpine/global dataset of slope failures at high elevation, useful for studying the impacts of climate change on fragile mountain environments.

2021, Banca dati, ITA

Catasto delle frane di alta quota nelle Alpi italiane

Nigrelli G., Luino F., Turconi L., Guerini M., Paranunzio R., Giardino M., Chiarle M.

Il webgis Catasto delle frane di alta quota nelle Alpi italiane attualmente contiene le informazioni relative a 508 processi di instabilità naturale (frane, colate detritiche, instabilità glaciale), avvenuti nelle Alpi italiane ad una quota superiore ai 1500 m, durante il periodo 2000-2020. La piattaforma che abbiamo utilizzato per rendere fruibile online il catasto è molto semplice e si basa su un'architettura webgis, cioè un sistema informativo geografico consultabile via web.

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