This report contains a description of the proposed network composed of a Nanosatellite swarm portion and a Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) UAV portion. Section 1 contains a description of the state of the art about Nanosatellites, in particular about Nanosatellite missions and hardware components, followed by a brief explanation about satellite constellation design. After that, a description of the routing and security challenges and the possible solutions in literature is reported. Finally, the proposed Nanosatellite-DTN Network, the simulation platform, and the obtained results are illustrated in details. Section 2 regards Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs). FANETs are a rising topic in literature, attracting both scientific and commercial interest. In this WI, the communication issues among FANETs and a Ground Control Station (GCS) are investigated, when both user and Command and Control ( ) data are sent via a random access satellite channel. The focus is put on the mobility model, on the intra-swarm and extra-swarm communications needs, as well as on lightweight and flexible protocol stacks enabling a fast data delivery and an easy tuning of the available parameters in the use-case under consideration. A NS3-based simulator has been built and numerical results are presented, assessing the achievable performance level. Section 3 briefly presents channel modelling due to local environment effects that may be applied for both Nanosatellite/Ground Station and GEO satellite/UAV links taking into account the different attenuations at the different considered frequency bands.

In this paper, a fully meshed mobile ad hoc network is introduced as an alternative to a classical wide area network, as the Internet. Internet of Things, Internet of Vehicles, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellites are the enabling technologies of such a complex scenario with support to multilevel mobility, overlaid deployments, as well as techniques offering Delay Tolerant Networks services. In this perspective, the paper provides an insight of the most relevant technolog- ical issues to guarantee a proper Quality of Service level between an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle communicating with a remote data center through a satellite link. Besides, this work also evaluates the coverage of such a concept in a metropolitan area.

The intermeeting time, i.e., the time between two consecutive contacts between a pair of nodes, plays a fundamental role in the delay of messages in opportunistic networks. A desirable property of message delay is that its expectation is finite, so that the performance of the system can be predicted. Unfortunately, when intermeeting times feature a Pareto distribution, this property does not always hold. In this paper, assuming heterogeneous mobility and Pareto intermeeting times, we provide a detailed analysis of the conditions for the expectation of message delay to be finite (i.e., to converge) when social-oblivious or social-aware forwarding schemes are used. More specifically, we consider different classes of social-oblivious and social-aware schemes, based on the number of hops allowed and the number of copies generated. Our main finding is that, in terms of convergence, allowing more than two hops may provide advantages only in the social-aware case. At the same time, we show that using a multi-copy scheme can in general improve the convergence of the expected delay. We also compare social-oblivious and social-aware strategies from the convergence standpoint and we prove that, depending on the mobility scenario considered, social-aware schemes may achieve convergence while social-oblivious cannot, and vice versa. Finally, we apply the derived convergence conditions to three popular contact data sets available in the literature (Cambridge, Infocom, and RollerNet), assessing the convergence of each class of forwarding protocols in these three cases.

In this paper, a fully meshed mobile ad hoc network is introduced as an alternative to a classical wide area network, as the Internet. Internet of Things, Internet of Vehicles, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellites are the enabling technologies of such a complex scenario with support to multilevel mobility, overlaid deployments, as well as techniques offering Delay Tolerant Networks services. In this perspective, the paper provides an insight of the most relevant technolog- ical issues to guarantee a proper Quality of Service level between an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle communicating with a remote data center through a satellite link. Besides, this work also evaluates the coverage of such a concept in a metropolitan area.

Delay tolerant networking (DTN) is an emerging technology introduced for deep-space communications to address both very large propagation delay or link disruptions. The DTN paradigm results promising in several satellitebased scenarios where either physical or service interruption might be experienced. This paper focuses on a set of selected satellite-based scenarios, where the DTN paradigm adoption greatly improves the unicast and multicast communications' performance with limited costs in terms of both software add-ons and architectural modifications.

The aim of FR (Final Report) is to exhaustively report the achievements and the main findings of Task 3 activity, by taking as reference what already reported in TNs 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4. Being the aforementioned documents already focusing on some aspects of the overall activity, this document attempts to highlight the main points related to the application of DTN in satellite-based environments, in terms of suitable scenarios, emulation campaigns, and final recommendations. As not all aspects are dealt with the same detail in this report, the interested reader is kindly requested to refer the material available in the related deliverables.

The aim of this document is to summarise the main results achieved in the study "Applicability of Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networks to Space Systems" being part of the CoO-1 call of SatNEx III project, commissioned by ESA in contract RFQ/3- 12859/09/NL/CLP. The investigation carried out here can be seen as an pre-Artes 1 study, possibly motivating the begin of new studies about the use of DTN in more focused scenarios. In particular, the aim of this analysis has been primarily on the current research activities performed in this field and then on the potential applications that the DTN architecture may have in some satellite-based scenarios

The aim of this document is to summarise the main results achieved in the study "Applicability of Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networks to Space Systems" being part of the CoO-1 call of SatNEx III project, commissioned by ESA in contract RFQ/3- 12859/09/NL/CLP. The investigation carried out here can be seen as an pre-Artes 1 study, possibly motivating the begin of new studies about the use of DTN in more focused scenarios. In particular, the aim of this analysis has been primarily on the current research activities performed in this field and then on the potential applications that the DTN architecture may have in some satellite-based scenarios

This document is aimed at highlighting the possible future R&D lines for DTN application, based on the findings summarized in TNs 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. In particular, the attention is devoted to the scenarios where the applicability of DTN would be beneficial, by replacing the current protocol and architecture solutions, which instead suffer from some performance degradations. Finally, the analysis of the DTN software features for each scenario is carried out as well in order to identify the gaps that can be still bridged and the functionalities that presently already help DTN overcome performance of other solutions or at least to mitigate scenario-induced impairments. Last points are finally dedicated to the standardization and dissemination activity resulted from this study, thus showing and motivating the research activity in this field

This paper evaluates the performance of the NORM multicast transport protocol, when used in mobile satellite channels that behave as in delay-tolerant and disruptive networks (DTN). Comparisons are made between multicast transmissions with and without interleaver when NORM is used in "confirmed delivery" mode.

The aim of this Technical Note (TN) is to perform the study of possible solutions or extensions based on the DTN architecture in Broadband and Mobile satellite networks and Deep Space networks.